Konstantinos Laios, Marianna Karamanou, Zenia Saridaki, George Androutsos
The name Aretaeus of Cappadocia has been linked with diabetes more than that of any other physician of antiquity, his texts forming a sophisticated synthesis of the previous knowledge on this disease copiously supplemented by his own observations …
Amit Tirosh, Salomon M. Stemmer, Evgeny Solomonov, Eldad Elnekave, Wolfgang Saeger, Yelena Ravkin, Kobi Nir, Yeela Talmor, Ilan Shimon
Malignant insulinoma usually has a poor prognosis, as no efficient medical treatment is available. The somatostatin analogs octreotide and lanreotide have limited ability to control the hypoglycemic events. Pasireotide is a multi-receptor targeted somatostatin-analog with improved affinity for SSTR5. There is to date no reported treatment experience with this drug in such tumors …
Dimitra Zianni, Marinella Tzanela, Serafim Klimopoulos, N.C. Thalassinos
A 61-year old female presented with paroxysmal hypertension and a 4.5cm left adrenal mass on CT scan. Repeated measurements of 24-hour urinary fractionated metanephrines, total catecholamines and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) were within normal range. A further scintigraphic study …
Vasiliki Vasileiou, Anastasia K. Armeni, Apostolos L. Pierris, Neoklis A. Georgopoulos
In the literature of the Roman Era, a case of macrosomia and genital ambiguity in a newborn is described. Textual evidence concerning this case of androgynism and its symbolism is provided in the present study. Medical interpretation of such cases covers the entire spectrum …
Afif Nakhleh, Leonard Saiegh, Maria Reut, Mohammad Sheikh Ahmad, Irit Wirsansky Pearl, Carmela Shechner
OBJECTIVE: Cushing`s disease during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for maternal and fetal complications. In recurrent Cushing`s disease following transsphenoidal surgery, and when re-operation is not feasible, medical treatment is usually considered. Cabergoline was found to be effective in reducing hypercortisolism in Cushing’s disease …
Jean-Pierre Tricot
A brief biographical note about the most honoured living scientist in Belgium, the physician, biochemist and Nobel Prize winner Christian de Duve, his research in the field of diabetes mellitus and how his revelation led to the discovery of lysosomes and to the prestigious Nobel Prize of 1974 in Physiology and Medicine is herein presented…
İsmail Hakki Kalkan, Öykü Tayfur, Erkin Öztaş, Yavuz Beyazit, Hakan Yildiz, Bilge Tunç
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding thymidine phosphorylase (endothelial cell growth factor 1) (ECGF1) …
Aikaterini Hatzidis, Jasmin A. Hicks, Rachel R. Gelineau, Nicole L. Arruda, Isabella Monteiro De Pina, Karyn E. O’Connell, Joseph A. Seggio
OBJECTIVE: Both the consumption of high-fat diets and exercise are known to produce alterations in metabolism and behavior. This study focuses on the effects of a change to a low-fat diet from a high-fat diet and voluntary exercise on obesity, type-2 diabetic-like symptoms, and locomotor behavior in male C57BL/6J mice. DESIGN: Mice were initially given either a high-fat diet or regular chow, along with a cage …
Luciana Parlea, Lisa Fahim, David Munoz, Amir Hanna, Jennifer Anderson, Michael Cusimano, Kalman Kovacs, Geoffrey Gardiner
Distant metastases as initial presentation of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid is rare, especially in young patients. We report the clinical and pathological features of a 33-year old pregnant patient with follicular carcinoma of the thyroid who presented with widespread bone and lung metastases at the time of diagnosis…
Kalliopi Lampropoulou-Adamidou, George Trovas, Ioannis P. Stathopoulos, Nikolaos A. Papaioannou
OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) is an uncommon disease. The majority of cases are seen in the third trimester or early post-partum in primagravid women and the prominent clinical feature of PLO is severe and prolonged back pain and height loss. The prevalence and aetiology of this disorder …
Spyridon D. Mantzavinos, Nikolaos P. Vlahos, Demetrios Rizos, Demetrios Botsis, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Efthimios Deligeoroglou, Themistoklis Mantzavinos
OBJECTIVE: We examined the predictive ability of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) for clinical pregnancy in women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles in a short agonist protocol. DESIGN: This is a retrospective cohort study of 222 women undergoing their first IVF attempt between June 2010 and March 2016. Multivariate logistic regression …
Niki Papavramidou, Helen Christopoulou-Aletra
The term diabetes first appears in a text by Aretaeus to describe a disease of the kidneys. Galen is likely to have borrowed this term from Aretaeus also to describe the same disorder, though in a manner somewhat uncharacteristic of his writings. Taken as a whole, only a few mentions may be found in the Galenic writings …
Elisa Verrua, Giovanna Mantovani, Emanuele Ferrante, Andrea Noto, Elisa Sala, Elena Malchiodi, Gaetano Iapichino, Paolo Beck-Peccoz, Anna Spada
Most of the clinical data on the safety profile of desmopressin (DDAVP), which is an effective treatment for both polyuric conditions and bleeding disorders, originate from studies on the tailoring of drug treatment, whereas few reports exist describing severe side effects secondary to drug-drug interaction …
Shutan Liao, Mark H. Vickers, Rennae S. Taylor, Mhoyra Fraser, Lesley M.E. McCowan, Philip N. Baker, Jo K. Perry
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether maternal serum concentrations of placental growth hormone (GH-V), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 and 2, and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) 1 and 3 were altered in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHOD: In a nested case-control study, GDM cases (n=28) and matched controls (n=28) were selected from the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) biobank in Auckland, New Zealand …
Fritz S. Keck, Leonidas H. Duntas
In 1889, the pancreatectomy performed on a dog by Joseph von Mehring and Oskar Minkowski led to the discovery of the pancreatic origin of diabetes disease. Already 200 years before, Johann Conrad Brunner had successfully performed eight pancreatectomies on dogs and had precisely described the symptoms of polyphagia, polyuria, and polydipsia…
Damiano Gullo, Rossella Gelsomino, Ilenia Marturano, Domenico Restivo, Maria Luisa Arpi, Daniela Leonardi, Giuseppina Parrinello, Sebastiano Squatrito
Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OH CAH) is treated with both glucocorticoids (to suppress pituitary ACTH and adrenal androgen production) and mineralocorticoids (to reduce angiotensin II concentrations) …
Anastassios Philippou, Maria Maridaki, Roxane Tenta, Michael Koutsilieris
OBJECTIVE: Mechanically overloaded muscle and its subsequent damage are strong stimuli for eliciting acute hormonal changes, while the muscle adaptation which occurs following exercise-induced muscle damage may involve complex hormonal responses before the completion of muscle regeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate systemic responses of various hormones, as well as secreted proteins that are exercise-regulated and associated with muscle adaptation …
Andrzej Wincewicz, Mariola Sulkowska, Stanislaw Sulkowski
Tadeus Reichstein (1897-1996) was the first scientist born in Poland to receive the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology (1950) for the “discovery of hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects”, as stated by the Nobel Prize Committee. His family being deeply devoted to Polish cultural and historical heritage
Claudia Battista, Raffaella Viti, Salvatore Minisola, Iacopo Chiodini, Vincenzo Frusciante, Alfredo Scillitani, Vincenzo Carnevale
OBJECTIVE: To describe the biochemical effects of an over-supplementation of vitamin D3 in two patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). DESIGN: Two patients (A and B) with PHPT took erroneously 2,400,000U …
Menelaos L. Batrinos
Contrary to the commonly held belief that in antiquity and as late as 1700 A.D. normal lifespan was about 35 years, there are indications that the ancient Greeks lived longer. In a study of all men of renown, living in the 5th and 4th century in Greece …
Eftekhar H. Al Ojaimi
Although Cushing’s syndrome has been described in association with various neuroendocrine tumors producing ectopic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), primary ovarian carcinoma rarely causes this syndrome. We hereby report the case of a 61-year-old woman presented with abdominal distension, facial swelling and skin pigmentation …
Mehmet Uludag, Gurkan Yetkin, Bulent Citgez, Adnan Isgor, Tulay Basak
The malignancy risk is low in hot thyroid nodules verified by scintigraphy. We present a rare case of papillary carcinoma, initially treated as an autonomous hot nodule. Case report. A 36-year old male patient with a hot thyroid nodule and subclinical hyperthyroidism was treated with 10mCi 131I.
Zac C. Etheridge, Christopher Schofield, Peter J.J. Prinsloo, Nigel D.C. Sturrock
Hypocalcaemia due to hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy is a relatively common occurrence. Standard treatment is with oral calcium and vitamin D replacement therapy; lack of response to oral therapy is rare. Herein we describe a case of hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy unresponsive to oral therapy …
Basil Leoutsakos, Agnes Leoutsakos
Dragana Miljic, Predrag Miljic, Mirjana Doknic, Sandra Pekic, Marko Stojanovic, Milan Petakov, Vera Popovic
Adipsic diabetes insipidus (ADI) is a rare disorder. It can occur after transcranial surgery for craniopharyngeoma, suprasellar pituitary adenoma and anterior communicating artery aneurysm but also with head injury, toluene exposure and developmental disorders. It is often associated with significant hypothalamic dysfunction …